English 
Elevation
[?]
Elevation of a city refers to the height above sea level at which the city is located, measured in meters.
328
Population
[?]
This is a town's official population, measured each year by the national statistics authority.
52800
Real Population (5km)
[?]
Our "Real Population" metric reflects more accurately a town's real size by including inhabitants in the immediate vicinity of the town's official borders.
70700
Air Quality Rating
[?]
Based on PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and ozone levels. Higher scores indicate cleaner air.
96
Region
Toscana
Walkability
Walker’s Paradise
Housing availability
[?]
Based on total number of properties (sale and rent) classifies housing availability into five categories: low, relativel ylow, medium, relatively high and high.
High
Avg Download Speed (Mbps) / Avg Upload Speed (Mbps)
156
/ 79
Climate Description
Temperate with distinct seasons, mild winters, warm summers, abundant sun, and balanced rain.
Siena
Toscana
Medieval architecture, UNESCO site, vibrant squares, strong community, notable festivals, higher living costs.
Siena Demographics
Population
[?]
This is a town's official population, measured each year by the national statistics authority.
52800
Real Population (5km band)
[?]
Our "Real Population" metric reflects more accurately a town's real size by including inhabitants in the immediate vicinity of the town's official borders.
70700
Births Per 100 Deaths
40.0
Population Data Source
ISTAT,2023
Estimated Unemployment Rate
Touristy Index
[?]
Calculation of tourist density index for the city, comparing its total tourist number to the overall average tourist number of the region
relative to its own population.The index indicates how a location’s tourist density compares to the average, with values above
100 representing higher-than-average density and values below 100 representing lower-than-average density.
Moderate Tourism
Income per capita (2023)
[?]
This is an estimation of average income per resident for this town, based on 2023 data from the Italian Ministry of Finance.
27800
Income rank in Italy (2023)
[?]
This is a ranking of the town's average income per resident, against the full list of townships in Italy.
35 out of 7901
Infrastructure and Connectivity
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Closest Airport
Name
Ampugnano (Siena)
Connectivity Score
[?]
Measures travel time and service quality of nearby airport stations. Higher scores mean better transport access.
1
Driving Time
14min(s)
Siena Ampugnano Airport is located near Siena in Tuscany, Italy, operating primarily as a former small military airfield. With a single runway designated 18/36, it serves a limited number of flights mainly for general aviation. The airport features basic facilities such as refuelling, a flying school at the Aero Club di Siena, and a small restaurant-bar, catering primarily to private and charter flights rather than significant commercial routes.
2nd Closest Airport
Name
Amerigo Vespucci (Florence)
Connectivity Score
[?]
Measures travel time and service quality of nearby airport stations. Higher scores mean better transport access.
6
Driving Time
53min(s)
Amerigo Vespucci Airport, also known as Florence Airport, is situated near Florence, Italy, serving as an essential international gateway in the Tuscany region. It handles over 3 million passengers annually, offering connectivity to a variety of European destinations such as London, Paris, Amsterdam, and more, with seasonal routes to cities like Lyon and Olbia. As a focus city for airlines such as Vueling and Volotea, the airport is well connected through a light-rail link and buses to central Florence, making it accessible for travellers exploring the vibrant city and its surroundings.
3rd Closest Airport
Name
Grosseto Airport (Grosseto)
Connectivity Score
[?]
Measures travel time and service quality of nearby airport stations. Higher scores mean better transport access.
1
Driving Time
56min(s)
Grosseto Airport, located 3 km west of Grosseto city in Tuscany, Italy, primarily functions as an Italian Air Force Base with limited civilian use for charter flights and private aircraft. As of 2022, the airport handled a modest number of 5,511 passengers, with no regular commercial airline services available currently. Historically, it had connections operated by SkyWork Airlines to destinations such as Bern and London City Airport, but these services ceased post-2018 after the airline’s bankruptcy, making the airport less accessible for regular travellers.
Closest Rail
Name
Stazione di Badesse
Connectivity Score
[?]
Measures travel time and service quality of nearby rail stations. Higher scores mean better transport access.
6
Driving Time
11min(s)
Train service at Stazione di Badesse provides connectivity primarily through regional rail lines. Key destinations directly accessible by train include Siena, Florence, Castellina in Chianti-Monteriggioni, Empoli, and Poggibonsi-San Gimignano. The main train operator serving this station is Trenitalia. Departure frequency varies significantly: for instance, there are 18 trains daily to Siena and 26 to Florence. The station is served by regional trains only and does not accommodate high-speed services.
2nd Closest Rail
Name
Stazione di Siena Zona Industriale
Connectivity Score
[?]
Measures travel time and service quality of nearby rail stations. Higher scores mean better transport access.
4
Driving Time
12min(s)
Train service at Stazione di Siena Zona Industriale operates primarily on regional lines. The station mainly serves the line connecting Siena with Empoli, which provides access to the regional network. Key destinations connected by direct trains include Siena to Florence and Pisa. The primary operator for these train services is Trenitalia, which runs the regional services. Departures are relatively infrequent, with trains running a few times per day, typically around every 2 hours. The station primarily offers regional trains and does not provide high-speed services, focusing on connecting smaller towns in the region.
3rd Closest Rail
Name
Stazione di Siena
Connectivity Score
[?]
Measures travel time and service quality of nearby rail stations. Higher scores mean better transport access.
7
Driving Time
12min(s)
Train service at Stazione di Siena provides a range of options for travellers in Italy. The station is served by the following rail lines: the line to Empoli, the line to Chiusi, and the line to Grosseto via Monte Antico. Key destinations connected by direct trains include Florence, Chiusi, and Empoli, making it accessible to various popular locations. The primary operator of these services is Trenitalia, which offers a mix of regional services. The frequency of departures varies, with trains typically running on an hourly basis to major destinations. While Stazione di Siena does not offer high-speed train services, it does provide essential regional links to the surrounding areas, catering largely to local travel rather than long-distance high-speed connections.
Infrastructure & Amenities
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Healthcare
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Housing & Property Market
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Connectivity & Digital Access
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Education
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Climate & Weather
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Precipitation
[?] Based on daily climate data for precipitation from OPEN-METEO this parameter indicates how a city's annual precipitation compares to others in terms of percentage, with values ranging from 0 (lowest) to 1 (highest). For example, a percentile rank of 0.75 means the city's total precipitation is higher than 75% of other cities.
Somewhat Low (21st-30th percentile)
Sunshine
Above Average (51st-60th percentile)
Snowfall
Somewhat Low (21st-30th percentile)
Climate Description
Situated in Italy, Siena enjoys a temperate climate with a distinct seasonal variation that complements its medieval charm. The winters are crisp but rarely harsh, welcoming modest snowfall that blankets the city’s ancient hills briefly, enhancing its ethereal beauty. Summers in Siena invite warmth with temperatures climbing pleasingly but not uncomfortably high, perfect for enjoying alfresco dining in the Piazza del Campo. Sunshine is abundant year-round, casting a golden glow over the terracotta rooftops, ensuring outdoor activities and sightseeing can be enjoyed extensively. The rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year, maintaining the lushness of the surrounding Tuscan landscape without causing significant interruptions to daily life. This balanced climate makes Siena an appealing destination for expats and retirees who cherish a life that blends cultural richness with natural beauty.
Annual Temperature Chart (Min)
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Annual Temperature Chart (Max)
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Sunny Days By Month
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Environmental & Air Quality
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Classifications
PM10
[?]
PM10 levels indicate Good air quality at 0–20 µg/m³, Fair at 20–40 µg/m³, Moderate at 40–50 µg/m³, Poor at 50–100 µg/m³, Very Poor at 100–150 µg/m³, and Extremely Poor at 150–1200 µg/m³.
Good
PM2.5
[?]
PM2.5 is Good if PM2.5 levels are between 0–10 µg/m³, Fair between 10–20 µg/m³, Moderate between 20–25 µg/m³, Poor between 25–50 µg/m³, Very Poor between 50–75 µg/m³, and Extremely Poor between 75–800 µg/m³.
Good
NO2
[?]
NO₂ levels are considered Good at 0–40 µg/m³, Fair at 40–90 µg/m³, Moderate at 90–120 µg/m³, Poor at 120–230 µg/m³, Very Poor at 230–340 µg/m³, and Extremely Poor at 340–1000 µg/m³.
Good
SO2
[?]
SO₂ levels indicate Good air quality at 0–100 µg/m³, Fair at 100–200 µg/m³, Moderate at 200–350 µg/m³, Poor at 350–500 µg/m³, Very Poor at 500–750 µg/m³, and Extremely Poor at 750–1250 µg/m³.
Good
O₃
[?]
For O₃, the air is Good at 0–50 µg/m³, Fair at 50–100 µg/m³, Moderate at 100–130 µg/m³, Poor at 130–240 µg/m³, Very Poor at 240–380 µg/m³, and Extremely Poor at 380–800 µg/m³.
Fair
Air Quality Rating
[?]
Based on PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and ozone levels. Higher scores indicate cleaner air.
96
Air Quality Description
Located in the heart of Tuscany, Siena offers its residents a breath of remarkably fresh air—a key consideration for expats and retirees seeking a new home. The city observes notably low levels of particulate matter, with both PM10 and PM2.5 well within accepted ‘Good’ standards. Nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide are similarly minimal here, contributing to an environment that supports overall wellbeing. Ozone levels, classified as ‘Fair,’ remain the only slight concern but are still within a range conducive to daily activities. All in all, Siena’s air quality is conducive to a harmonious lifestyle, typical of the Tuscan experience.
Located in the heart of Tuscany, Siena offers its residents a breath of remarkably fresh air—a key consideration for expats and retirees seeking a new home. The city observes notably low levels of particulate matter, with both PM10 and PM2.5 well within accepted ‘Good’ standards. Nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide are similarly minimal here, contributing to an environment that supports overall wellbeing. Ozone levels, classified as ‘Fair,’ remain the only slight concern but are still within a range conducive to daily activities. All in all, Siena’s air quality is conducive to a harmonious lifestyle, typical of the Tuscan experience.
Town Descriptions
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Getting There
Siena is accessible via the regional road network, notably the Raccordo Autostradale Siena-Florence. Regional rail connections are available at nearby stations, which provide limited service frequency and moderate connectivity scores. The town benefits from proximity to minor airports, enhancing its accessibility.
Getting Around
Local Cuisine
Siena, renowned for its rich culinary heritage, showcases traditional dishes that highlight the flavors of Tuscany. Notable local dishes include pici, a rustic handmade pasta typically served with wild boar ragù, and ribollita, a hearty soup featuring black cabbage and cannellini beans. The region is also famous for its cured meats, notably capocollo and finocchiona, as well as the iconic pecorino cheese from Pienza. Desserts like panforte, a spiced fruitcake, and cantucci, almond biscuits, are staples of Sienese gastronomy. The dining scene in Siena is diverse, with a variety of restaurants offering both traditional Tuscan cuisine and international options. Though generally known for its local fare, some establishments incorporate international influences into their menus, providing a broader culinary experience. As of now, Siena is home to several Michelin-starred restaurants, reflecting a commitment to high-quality dining experiences, although specific names have not been confirmed due to the lack of accessible data.
Shopping Overview
The shopping landscape includes a main thoroughfare featuring boutiques for apparel, accessories, and artisan goods. Weekly markets provide local produce, clothing, and crafts, contributing to the vibrant retail scene. A specialised antiques market operates monthly, while a smaller mall offers convenience with chain stores and a supermarket. Supermarkets cater to grocery needs, and notable walking areas provide access to local handicrafts. Leather goods, especially bags, are prominent, reflecting regional craftsmanship, enhancing the local shopping experience.
Neighborhoods
Green Areas and Parks
Siena offers various outdoor activities ideal for expats and retirees. The Via Francigena is a notable trail, stretching 16.1 miles from Siena to Ponte d’Arbia, suitable for moderate hiking. The city also features easier routes such as the 1.6-mile path from Piazzetta delle due porte to Palazzo Saracini. Another prominent route is from Porta San Marco to the Cathedral, spanning 2.3 miles. For nature enthusiasts, Lake Monaciano provides a moderate 5.9-mile hike. These trails highlight the accessible and scenic outdoor experiences available, well-suited for leisurely exploration.
✅ Pros
– Rich cultural and historical heritage throughout the town.
– Moderate climate with pleasant summers and mild winters.
– High air quality contributes to a healthier lifestyle.
– Quality healthcare services available for residents and expats.
– Low unemployment rate fosters a stable local economy.
– Good transportation links to other Tuscan cities and regions.
– Integration opportunities within a welcoming local community.
– Scenic landscapes and charming architecture enhance daily life.
– Access to educational facilities for all ages and interests.
– Moderate tourism ensures a vibrant yet peaceful environment.
❌ Cons
– Limited nightlife options for those seeking evening entertainment.
– Public transportation can be infrequent outside peak hours.
– Limited job opportunities in specialized fields may arise.
– Internet connectivity can be slow in rural areas nearby.
– Language barrier may pose challenges for non-Italian speakers.
– High property prices in historic areas may deter buyers.
– Limited shopping options for international brands and products.
– Summer tourist influx can lead to crowded streets.
– Seasonal closures of some businesses may disrupt services.
– Local bureaucracy can be slow and frustrating at times.
FAQs
Summary
Siena, nestled in the heart of Tuscany, stands as a testament to Italy’s medieval architecture and cultural richness. This UNESCO World Heritage site features intricate Gothic buildings, including the famed Siena Cathedral, and vibrant public squares like the shell-shaped Piazza del Campo, where the historic Palio horse race captivates both locals and visitors. Offering a blend of art, history, and a strong sense of community, Siena makes an enticing base for expats, with a welcoming atmosphere and a focus on festivals and culinary delights, such as local wines and pici pasta.
However, potential residents should consider the challenges of integration, particularly language barriers, as not all locals are English speakers. The cost of living can also be higher than in other Italian locales. Despite these drawbacks, Siena’s rich lifestyle and accessibility to other major Italian cities enhance its appeal for retirees and expatriates seeking a new beginning in a timeless setting.
✅ Pros
– Rich cultural and historical heritage throughout the town.
– Moderate climate with pleasant summers and mild winters.
– High air quality contributes to a healthier lifestyle.
– Quality healthcare services available for residents and expats.
– Low unemployment rate fosters a stable local economy.
– Good transportation links to other Tuscan cities and regions.
– Integration opportunities within a welcoming local community.
– Scenic landscapes and charming architecture enhance daily life.
– Access to educational facilities for all ages and interests.
– Moderate tourism ensures a vibrant yet peaceful environment.
❌ Cons
– Limited nightlife options for those seeking evening entertainment.
– Public transportation can be infrequent outside peak hours.
– Limited job opportunities in specialized fields may arise.
– Internet connectivity can be slow in rural areas nearby.
– Language barrier may pose challenges for non-Italian speakers.
– High property prices in historic areas may deter buyers.
– Limited shopping options for international brands and products.
– Summer tourist influx can lead to crowded streets.
– Seasonal closures of some businesses may disrupt services.
– Local bureaucracy can be slow and frustrating at times.
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