English 
Elevation
[?]
Elevation of a city refers to the height above sea level at which the city is located, measured in meters.
328
Population
[?]
This is a town's official population, measured each year by the national statistics authority.
52800
Real Population (5km)
[?]
Our "Real Population" metric reflects more accurately a town's real size by including inhabitants in the immediate vicinity of the town's official borders.
70700
Air Quality Rating
[?]
Based on PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and ozone levels. Higher scores indicate cleaner air.
96
Region
Toscana
Walkability
Walker’s Paradise
Housing availability
[?]
Based on total number of properties (sale and rent) classifies housing availability into five categories: low, relativel ylow, medium, relatively high and high.
High
Avg Download Speed (Mbps) / Avg Upload Speed (Mbps)
156
/ 79
Climate Description
Temperate with distinct seasons, mild winters, warm summers, abundant sun, and balanced rain.
Siena
Toscana
Medieval architecture, UNESCO site, vibrant squares, strong community, notable festivals, higher living costs.
Siena Demographics
Population
[?]
This is a town's official population, measured each year by the national statistics authority.
52800
Real Population (5km band)
[?]
Our "Real Population" metric reflects more accurately a town's real size by including inhabitants in the immediate vicinity of the town's official borders.
70700
Births Per 100 Deaths
36 births per 100 deaths
Population Data Source
ISTAT,2023
Estimated Unemployment Rate
Touristy Index
[?]
Calculation of tourist density index for the city, comparing its total tourist number to the overall average tourist number of the region
relative to its own population.The index indicates how a location’s tourist density compares to the average, with values above
100 representing higher-than-average density and values below 100 representing lower-than-average density.
Moderate Tourism
Income per capita (2023)
[?]
This is an estimation of average income per resident for this town, based on 2023 data from the Italian Ministry of Finance.
27800
Income rank in Italy (2023)
[?]
This is a ranking of the town's average income per resident, against the full list of townships in Italy.
35 out of 7901
Infrastructure and Connectivity
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Infrastructure & Amenities
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Healthcare
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Housing & Property Market
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Connectivity & Digital Access
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Education
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Climate & Weather
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Precipitation
[?] Based on daily climate data for precipitation from OPEN-METEO this parameter indicates how a city's annual precipitation compares to others in terms of percentage, with values ranging from 0 (lowest) to 1 (highest). For example, a percentile rank of 0.75 means the city's total precipitation is higher than 75% of other cities.
Somewhat Low (21st-30th percentile)
Sunshine
Above Average (51st-60th percentile)
Snowfall
Somewhat Low (21st-30th percentile)
Climate Description
Situated in Italy, Siena enjoys a temperate climate with a distinct seasonal variation that complements its medieval charm. The winters are crisp but rarely harsh, welcoming modest snowfall that blankets the city’s ancient hills briefly, enhancing its ethereal beauty. Summers in Siena invite warmth with temperatures climbing pleasingly but not uncomfortably high, perfect for enjoying alfresco dining in the Piazza del Campo. Sunshine is abundant year-round, casting a golden glow over the terracotta rooftops, ensuring outdoor activities and sightseeing can be enjoyed extensively. The rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year, maintaining the lushness of the surrounding Tuscan landscape without causing significant interruptions to daily life. This balanced climate makes Siena an appealing destination for expats and retirees who cherish a life that blends cultural richness with natural beauty.
Annual Temperature Chart (Min)
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Annual Temperature Chart (Max)
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Sunny Days By Month
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Environmental & Air Quality
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Classifications
PM10
[?]
PM10 levels indicate Good air quality at 0–20 µg/m³, Fair at 20–40 µg/m³, Moderate at 40–50 µg/m³, Poor at 50–100 µg/m³, Very Poor at 100–150 µg/m³, and Extremely Poor at 150–1200 µg/m³.
Good
PM2.5
[?]
PM2.5 is Good if PM2.5 levels are between 0–10 µg/m³, Fair between 10–20 µg/m³, Moderate between 20–25 µg/m³, Poor between 25–50 µg/m³, Very Poor between 50–75 µg/m³, and Extremely Poor between 75–800 µg/m³.
Good
NO2
[?]
NO₂ levels are considered Good at 0–40 µg/m³, Fair at 40–90 µg/m³, Moderate at 90–120 µg/m³, Poor at 120–230 µg/m³, Very Poor at 230–340 µg/m³, and Extremely Poor at 340–1000 µg/m³.
Good
SO2
[?]
SO₂ levels indicate Good air quality at 0–100 µg/m³, Fair at 100–200 µg/m³, Moderate at 200–350 µg/m³, Poor at 350–500 µg/m³, Very Poor at 500–750 µg/m³, and Extremely Poor at 750–1250 µg/m³.
Good
O₃
[?]
For O₃, the air is Good at 0–50 µg/m³, Fair at 50–100 µg/m³, Moderate at 100–130 µg/m³, Poor at 130–240 µg/m³, Very Poor at 240–380 µg/m³, and Extremely Poor at 380–800 µg/m³.
Fair
Air Quality Rating
[?]
Based on PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, and ozone levels. Higher scores indicate cleaner air.
96
Air Quality Description
Located in the heart of Tuscany, Siena offers its residents a breath of remarkably fresh air—a key consideration for expats and retirees seeking a new home. The city observes notably low levels of particulate matter, with both PM10 and PM2.5 well within accepted ‘Good’ standards. Nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide are similarly minimal here, contributing to an environment that supports overall wellbeing. Ozone levels, classified as ‘Fair,’ remain the only slight concern but are still within a range conducive to daily activities. All in all, Siena’s air quality is conducive to a harmonious lifestyle, typical of the Tuscan experience.
Located in the heart of Tuscany, Siena offers its residents a breath of remarkably fresh air—a key consideration for expats and retirees seeking a new home. The city observes notably low levels of particulate matter, with both PM10 and PM2.5 well within accepted ‘Good’ standards. Nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide are similarly minimal here, contributing to an environment that supports overall wellbeing. Ozone levels, classified as ‘Fair,’ remain the only slight concern but are still within a range conducive to daily activities. All in all, Siena’s air quality is conducive to a harmonious lifestyle, typical of the Tuscan experience.
Town Descriptions
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Getting There
Getting Around
Local Cuisine
Shopping Overview
The shopping landscape includes a main thoroughfare featuring boutiques for apparel, accessories, and artisan goods. Weekly markets provide local produce, clothing, and crafts, contributing to the vibrant retail scene. A specialised antiques market operates monthly, while a smaller mall offers convenience with chain stores and a supermarket. Supermarkets cater to grocery needs, and notable walking areas provide access to local handicrafts. Leather goods, especially bags, are prominent, reflecting regional craftsmanship, enhancing the local shopping experience.
Neighborhoods
Green Areas and Parks
Siena offers various outdoor activities ideal for expats and retirees. The Via Francigena is a notable trail, stretching 16.1 miles from Siena to Ponte d’Arbia, suitable for moderate hiking. The city also features easier routes such as the 1.6-mile path from Piazzetta delle due porte to Palazzo Saracini. Another prominent route is from Porta San Marco to the Cathedral, spanning 2.3 miles. For nature enthusiasts, Lake Monaciano provides a moderate 5.9-mile hike. These trails highlight the accessible and scenic outdoor experiences available, well-suited for leisurely exploration.
✅ Pros
– Rich cultural scene, including frequent local festivals and a strong community vibe.
– UNESCO World Heritage Site with beautifully preserved medieval architecture.
– Diverse neighborhoods from historic Centro Storico to peaceful Vico Alto, accommodating various lifestyles.
– Excellent outdoor activity options like hiking trails from the city to scenic locations.
– Vibrant shopping environment with a mix of boutiques, markets, and artisan goods.
– Good access to healthcare with strengths in handling certain medical conditions efficiently.
– Moderate to low risk of earthquakes, ensuring relatively safer living conditions.
– Temperate climate with mild winters and warm summers, promoting comfortable year-round living.
– High air quality ratings contribute to a healthier lifestyle.
– Well-suited for walking, with most essentials accessible on foot in many areas.
❌ Cons
– Limited healthcare efficiency in acute heart attack interventions and readmissions after heart failure.
– High flood risk, potentially affecting property and living conditions.
– Significant landslide risk, which may impact safety and accessibility.
– Higher cost of living compared to other similar-sized towns.
– Modern housing in some areas lacks the historic charm of Centro Storico.
– Car insurance and road accident rates suggest potential commuting challenges.
– School performance varies, with no clear distinction in educational excellence.
– The shopping scene, while vibrant, may not cater extensively to all international tastes.
– Limited size of local mall and chain store presence could affect shopping convenience for some expats.
– Notable seasonal variation in weather may not appeal to those preferring more consistent climates.
FAQs
Summary
Siena, nestled in the heart of Tuscany, stands as a testament to Italy’s medieval architecture and cultural richness. This UNESCO World Heritage site features intricate Gothic buildings, including the famed Siena Cathedral, and vibrant public squares like the shell-shaped Piazza del Campo, where the historic Palio horse race captivates both locals and visitors. Offering a blend of art, history, and a strong sense of community, Siena makes an enticing base for expats, with a welcoming atmosphere and a focus on festivals and culinary delights, such as local wines and pici pasta.
However, potential residents should consider the challenges of integration, particularly language barriers, as not all locals are English speakers. The cost of living can also be higher than in other Italian locales. Despite these drawbacks, Siena’s rich lifestyle and accessibility to other major Italian cities enhance its appeal for retirees and expatriates seeking a new beginning in a timeless setting.
✅ Pros
– Rich cultural scene, including frequent local festivals and a strong community vibe.
– UNESCO World Heritage Site with beautifully preserved medieval architecture.
– Diverse neighborhoods from historic Centro Storico to peaceful Vico Alto, accommodating various lifestyles.
– Excellent outdoor activity options like hiking trails from the city to scenic locations.
– Vibrant shopping environment with a mix of boutiques, markets, and artisan goods.
– Good access to healthcare with strengths in handling certain medical conditions efficiently.
– Moderate to low risk of earthquakes, ensuring relatively safer living conditions.
– Temperate climate with mild winters and warm summers, promoting comfortable year-round living.
– High air quality ratings contribute to a healthier lifestyle.
– Well-suited for walking, with most essentials accessible on foot in many areas.
❌ Cons
– Limited healthcare efficiency in acute heart attack interventions and readmissions after heart failure.
– High flood risk, potentially affecting property and living conditions.
– Significant landslide risk, which may impact safety and accessibility.
– Higher cost of living compared to other similar-sized towns.
– Modern housing in some areas lacks the historic charm of Centro Storico.
– Car insurance and road accident rates suggest potential commuting challenges.
– School performance varies, with no clear distinction in educational excellence.
– The shopping scene, while vibrant, may not cater extensively to all international tastes.
– Limited size of local mall and chain store presence could affect shopping convenience for some expats.
– Notable seasonal variation in weather may not appeal to those preferring more consistent climates.
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